# Statistical Functions

## Content

Spread provides the following statistical functions, listed alphabetically.

| Function | Description |
| -------- | ----------- |
| [AVEDEV](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/AVEDEV) | This function calculates the average of the absolute deviations of the specified values from their mean. |
| [AVERAGE](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/AVERAGE) | This function calculates the average of the specified numeric values. |
| [AVERAGEA](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/AVERAGEA) | This function calculates the average of the specified values, including text or logical values as well as numeric values. |
| [AVERAGEIF](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/AVERAGEIF) | This function calculates the average of the specified numeric values provided that they meet the specified criteria. |
| [AVERAGEIFS](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/AVERAGEIFS) | This function calculates the average of all cells that meet multiple specified criteria. |
| [BETA.DIST](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/BETA.DIST) | This function returns the beta distribution. |
| [BETA.INV](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/BETA.INV) | This function calculates the inverse of the cumulative beta distribution function. |
| [BINOM.DIST](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/BINOM.DIST) | This function calculates the individual term binomial distribution probability. |
| [BINOM.DIST.RANGE](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/BINOM.DIST.RANGE) | This function calculates the probability of a trial result using a binomial distribution. |
| [BINOM.INV](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/BINOM.INV) | This function returns the criterion binomial, the smallest value for which the cumulative binomial distribution is greater than or equal to a criterion value. |
| [CHISQ.DIST](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/CHISQ.DIST) | This function returns the chi-squared distribution. |
| [CHISQ.DIST.RT](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/CHISQ.DIST.RT) | This function calculates the one-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution. |
| [CHISQ.INV](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/CHISQ.INV) | This function returns the inverse of left-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution. |
| [CHISQ.INV.RT](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/CHISQ.INV.RT) | This function calculates the inverse of the one-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution. |
| [CHISQ.TEST](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/CHISQ.TEST) | This function calculates the test for independence from the chi-squared distribution. |
| [CONFIDENCE.NORM](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/CONFIDENCE.NORM) | This function returns a confidence interval for a population mean. |
| [CONFIDENCE.T](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/CONFIDENCE.T) | This function returns the confidence interval for a Student's t distribution. |
| [CORREL](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/CORREL) | This function returns the correlation coefficient of the two sets of data. |
| [COUNT](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/COUNT) | This function returns the number of cells that contain numbers. |
| [COUNTA](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/COUNTA) | This function returns the number of cells that contain numbers, text, or logical values. |
| [COUNTBLANK](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/COUNTBLANK) | This function returns the number of empty (or blank) cells in a range of cells on a sheet. |
| [COUNTIF](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/COUNTIF) | This function returns the number of cells that meet a certain condition. |
| [COUNTIFS](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/COUNTIFS) | This function returns the number of cells that meet multiple conditions. |
| [COVARIANCE.P](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/COVARIANCE.P) | This function returns the covariance, which is the average of the products of deviations for each data point pair in two sets of numbers. |
| [COVARIANCE.S](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/COVARIANCE.S) | This function returns the sample covariance, which is the average of the products of deviations for each data point pair in two sets of numbers. |
| [DEVSQ](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/DEVSQ) | This function calculates the sum of the squares of deviations of data points (or of an array of data points) from their sample mean. |
| [EXPON.DIST](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/EXPON.DIST) | This function returns the exponential distribution or the probability density. |
| [F.DIST](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/F.DIST) | This function returns the F probability distribution. |
| [F.DIST.RT](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/F.DIST.RT) | This function calculates the F probability distribution, to see degrees of diversity between two sets of data. |
| [F.INV](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/F.INV) | This function returns the inverse of the F probability distribution. |
| [F.INV.RT](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/F.INV.RT) | This function returns the inverse of the F probability distribution. |
| [F.TEST](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/F.TEST) | This function returns the result of an F-test, which returns the one-tailed probability that the variances in two arrays are not significantly different. |
| [FINV](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/FINV) | This function returns the inverse of the F probability distribution. |
| [FISHER](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/FISHER) | This function returns the Fisher transformation for a specified value. |
| [FISHERINV](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/FISHERINV) | This function returns the inverse of the Fisher transformation for a specified value. |
| [FORECAST](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/FORECAST) | This function calculates a future value using existing values. |
| [FREQUENCY](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/FREQUENCY) | This function calculates how often values occur within a range of values. This function returns a vertical array of numbers. |
| [GAMMA](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/GAMMA) | This function returns the gamma function value. |
| [GAMMA.DIST](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/GAMMA.DIST) | This function returns the gamma distribution. |
| [GAMMA.INV](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/GAMMA.INV) | This function returns the inverse of the gamma cumulative distribution. |
| [GAMMALN](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/GAMMALN) | This function returns the natural logarithm of the Gamma function, G(x). |
| [GAMMALN.PRECISE](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/GAMMALN.PRECISE) | This function returns the natural logarithm of the gamma function. |
| [GAUSS](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/GAUSS) | This function calculates the probability that a member of a standard normal population will fall between the mean and z standard deviations from the mean. |
| [GEOMEAN](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/GEOMEAN) | This function returns the geometric mean of a set of positive data. |
| [GROWTH](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/GROWTH) | This function calculates predicted exponential growth. This function returns the y values for a series of new x values that are specified by using existing x and y values. |
| [HARMEAN](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/HARMEAN) | This function returns the harmonic mean of a data set. |
| [HYPGEOM.DIST](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/HYPGEOM.DIST) | This function returns the hypergeometric distribution. |
| [INTERCEPT](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/INTERCEPT) | This function returns the coordinates of a point at which a line intersects the y-axis, by using existing x values and y values. |
| [KURT](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/KURT) | This function returns the kurtosis of a data set. |
| [LARGE](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/LARGE) | This function returns the nth largest value in a data set, where n is specified. |
| [LINEST](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/LINEST) | This function calculates the statistics for a line. |
| [LOGEST](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/LOGEST) | This function calculates an exponential curve that fits the data and returns an array of values that describes the curve. |
| [LOGNORM.DIST](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/LOGNORM.DIST) | This function returns the log-normal distribution of x. |
| [LOGNORM.INV](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/LOGNORM.INV) | This function returns the inverse of the lognormal cumulative distribution function of x, where LN(x) is normally distributed with the specified mean and standard deviation. |
| [MAX](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/MAX) | This function returns the maximum value, the greatest value, of all the values in the arguments. |
| [MAXA](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/MAXA) | This function returns the largest value in a list of arguments, including text and logical values. |
| [MAXIFS](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/MAXIFS) | This function returns the maximum value among cells specified by a given set of conditions or criteria. |
| [MEDIAN](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/MEDIAN) | This function returns the median, the number in the middle of the provided set of numbers; that is, half the numbers have values that are greater than the median, and half have values that are less than the median. |
| [MIN](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/MIN) | This function returns the minimum value, the least value, of all the values in the arguments. |
| [MINA](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/MINA) | This function returns the minimum value in a list of arguments, including text and logical values. |
| [MINIFS](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/MINIFS) | This function returns the minimum value among cells specified by a given set of conditions or criteria. |
| [MODE.MULT](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/MODE.MULT) | This function returns the most frequently occurring vertical array or the occurring value in a set of data. |
| [MODE.SNGL](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/MODE.SNGL) | This function returns the most frequently occurring value in a set of data. |
| [NEGBINOM.DIST](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/NEGBINOM.DIST) | This function returns the negative binomial distribution. |
| [NORM.DIST](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/NORM.DIST) | This function returns the normal cumulative distribution for the specified mean and standard deviation. |
| [NORM.S.DIST](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/NORM.S.DIST) | This function returns the standard normal distribution. |
| [NORM.S.INV](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/NORM.S.INV) | This function returns the inverse of the standard normal cumulative distribution. The distribution has a mean of zero and a standard deviation of one. |
| [NORMINV](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/NORMINV) | This function returns the inverse of the normal cumulative distribution for the given mean and standard deviation. |
| [PEARSON](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/PEARSON) | This function returns the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient, a dimensionless index between -1.0 to 1.0 inclusive indicative of the linear relationship between two data sets. |
| [PERCENTILE.EXC](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/PERCENTILE.EXC) | This function returns the nth percentile of values in a range. |
| [PERCENTILE.INC](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/PERCENTILE.INC) | This function returns the nth percentile of values in a range. |
| [PERCENTRANK.EXC](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/PERCENTRANK.EXC) | This function returns the percentage rank(0..1, exclusive) of a value in a data set. |
| [PERCENTRANK.INC](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/PERCENTRANK.INC) | This function returns the rank of a value in a data set as a percentage of the data set. |
| [PERMUT](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/PERMUT) | This function returns the number of possible permutations for a specified number of items. |
| [PERMUTATIONA](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/PERMUTATIONA) | This function returns the number of permutations for a given number of objects that can be selected from the total objects. |
| [PHI](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/PHI) | This function returns the value of the density function for a standard normal distribution. |
| [POISSON.DIST](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/POISSON.DIST) | This function returns the Poisson distribution. |
| [PROB](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/PROB) | This function returns the probability that values in a range are between two limits. |
| [QUARTILE.EXC](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/QUARTILE.EXC) | This function returns which quartile (which quarter or 25 percent) of a data set a value is. |
| [QUARTILE.INC](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/QUARTILE.INC) | This function returns which quartile (which quarter or 25 percent) of a data set a value is. |
| [RANK.AVG](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/RANK.AVG) | This function returns the rank of a number in a set of numbers. If some values have the same rank, it will return the average rank. |
| [RANK.EQ](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/RANK.EQ) | This function returns the rank of a number in a set of numbers. If you were to sort the set, the rank of the number would be its position in the list. |
| [RSQ](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/RSQ) | This function returns the square of the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient (R-squared) through data points in known y's and known x's. |
| [SKEW](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/SKEW) | This function returns the skewness of a distribution. |
| [SKEW.P](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/SKEW.P) | This function returns the skewness of a distribution base on a population: characterization of the degree of asymmetry of a distribution around its mean. |
| [SLOPE](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/SLOPE) | This function calculates the slope of linear regression. |
| [SMALL](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/SMALL) | This function returns the nth smallest value in a data set, where n is specified. |
| [STANDARDIZE](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/STANDARDIZE) | This function returns a normalized value from a distribution characterized by mean and standard deviation. |
| [STDEV.P](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/STDEV.P) | This function returns the standard deviation for an entire specified population (of numeric values). |
| [STDEV.S](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/STDEV.S) | This function returns a standard deviation estimated based on a sample. |
| [STDEVA](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/STDEVA) | This function returns the standard deviation for a set of numbers, text, or logical values. |
| [STDEVPA](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/STDEVPA) | This function returns the standard deviation for an entire specified population, including text or logical values as well as numeric values. |
| [STEYX](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/STEYX) | This function returns the standard error of the predicted y value for each x. The standard error is a measure of the amount of error in the prediction of y for a value of x. |
| [T.DIST](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/T.DIST) | This function returns the t-distribution. |
| [T.DIST.2T](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/T.DIST.2T) | This function returns the two-tailed t-distribution. |
| [T.DIST.RT](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/T.DIST.RT) | This function returns the right-tailed t-distribution. |
| [T.INV](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/T.INV) | This function returns the left-tailed inverse of the t-distribution. |
| [T.INV.2T](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/T.INV.2T) | This function returns the t-value of the student's t-distribution as a function of the probability and the degrees of freedom. |
| [T.TEST](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/T.TEST) | This function returns the probability associated with a t-test. |
| [TREND](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/TREND) | This function returns values along with a linear trend. This function fits a straight line to the arrays known as x and y values. Trend returns the y values along that line for the array of specified new x values. |
| [TRIMMEAN](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/TRIMMEAN) | This function returns the mean of a subset of data excluding the top and bottom data. |
| [VAR.P](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/VAR.P) | This function returns variance based on the entire population, which uses only numeric values. |
| [VAR.S](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/VAR.S) | This function returns the variance based on a sample of a population, which uses only numeric values. |
| [VARA](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/VARA) | This function returns the variance based on a sample of a population, which includes numeric, logical, or text values. |
| [VARPA](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/VARPA) | This function returns variance based on the entire population, which includes numeric, logical, or text values. |
| [WEIBULL.DIST](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/WEIBULL.DIST) | This function returns the two-parameter Weibull distribution, often used in reliability analysis. |
| [Z.TEST](/spreadjs/docs/v17/formulareference/FormulaFunctions/statistical-functions/Z.TEST) | This function returns the significance value of a z-test. The z-test generates a standard score for x with respect to the set of data and returns the two-tailed probability for the normal distribution. |