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Operators in a Formula

The following table lists the available operators. For each operator, an example is given of the syntax of using a literal value as well as a cell reference. The type of value returned is given for each type of operator.

Type of Operator

Example Syntax

Result

Operator

Description

Literal & Literal

Cell Ref & Literal

Type Returned

Binary Operators

+

Add

5 + 3

A1 + 3

double

Subtract

5 – 3

A1 – 3

double

*

Multiply

5 * 3

A1 * 3

double

/

Divide

5 / 3

A1 / 3

double

^

Exponent

5 ^ 3

A1 ^ 3

double

&

Concatenate

"F" & "p"

A1 & "p"

string

=

Equal


A1 <> 3

boolean

< >

Not Equal


A1 = 3

boolean

<

Less Than


A1 <3

boolean

>

Greater Than


A1 > 3

boolean

<=

Less Than Or Equal


A1 <= 3

boolean

>=

Greater Than Or Equal


A1 >= 3

boolean

Unary Operators

-

Negate

-(5/3)

-(A1/3)

double

+

Plus

+(5/3)

+(A1/3)

double

%

Percent

(5/3)%

(A1/3)%

double

Operators specify the type of calculation that you want to perform on the elements of a formula. Most of the operators return double-precision floating-point values for mathematical operations and boolean (or logical) values for comparison operators.


In SpreadJS, all arithmetic operators (including the unary +) check their arguments and return a #VALUE error if any of the arguments are strings that cannot be converted to a number. This is mathematically correct behavior and cannot be overridden. For example, the three formulas +B5 and 0+B5 and --B5 should all produce the same result and, in SpreadJS, they do.


For more information about operators, see Order of Precedence and Operators with Dates and Times.